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Only trained and experienced personnel should undertake the design, installation and maintenance of sprinkler systems. Similarly, competent technicians should be used in the installation and testing of the equipment! This standard covers only the types of sprinkler specified in EN see annex L. The requirements and recommendations of this standard are also applicable to any addition, extension, repair or other modification to a sprinkler system.
They are not applicable to water spray or deluge systems. This standard does not cover water supplies to systems other than sprinklers. Its requirements can be used as guidance for other fixed fire fighting extinguishing systems, however, provided that any specific requirements for other fire fighting extinguishing supplies are taken into account.
Sprinkler system design deviations may be allowed when such deviations have been shown to provide a level of protection at least equivalent to this European Standard, for example by means of full scale fire testing where appropriate, and where the design criteria have been fully documented. For dated references, only the edition cited applies.
For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document including any amendments applies. Sprinkler pumps" EN , Liquid pumps — General terms for pumps and installations — Definitions, quantities, letter symbols and units! EN , Lead-acid starter batteries — Part 1: General requirements and methods of test EN , Lead-acid starter batteries — Part 2: Dimensions of batteries and marking of terminals" EN , Degrees of protection provided by enclosures IP code IEC EN , Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes — Vented nickel-cadmium prismatic rechargeable single cells IEC EN , Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear — Part 1: General rules!
ISO all parts , Reciprocating internal combustion engines — Performance" 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. Pipe arrays can be looped, gridded or branched 3. Tables of diameters are given 3. Although an automatic sprinkler system usually extends throughout a building or plant, it should not be assumed that this entirely obviates the need for other means of fire protection and it is important to consider the fire precautions of the premises as a whole.
Account shall be taken of possible interaction between sprinkler systems and other fire protection measures. NOTE 2 The authorities should be consulted when the hazard classification is being determined. A key to the symbols shall be included. The position and type of stop and non-return valves and any pressure reducing valves, water meters, back flow preventers and any connections supplying water for other services, shall be indicated.
Consideration should be given to the protection of load bearing steel. NOTE In these cases, other automatic extinguishing systems should be considered, e.
NOTE Such a fire resistant separation can be achieved by a firewall or by a suitable exposure protection system. Doors shall be self-closing or be closed automatically in the event of fire. NOTE No part of an unsprinklered building or section should be located vertically below a sprinklered building or section except as indicated in 5.
If the height of the concealed space at roof and floor is no greater than 0,8 m, the spaces shall be sprinkler protected only if they contain combustible materials or are constructed with combustible materials. Electrical cables with voltage less than V, single phase, with a maximum of 15 cables per tray, are allowed. See The height difference between the highest and lowest sprinkler on an installation i.
The buildings and areas to be protected by the automatic sprinkler system shall be classified as Light Hazard, Ordinary Hazard or High Hazard. This classification depends on the occupancy and the fire load. Examples of occupancies are given in annex A.
Where there are areas in open communication having different hazard classification, the higher design criteria shall be extended at least two rows of sprinklers into the area with the lower classification. See annex A for examples. Materials may be stored in occupancies classified as OH1, 2 and 3 provided the following conditions are met: a the protection throughout the room shall be designed to at least OH3; b the maximum storage heights shown in Table 1 shall not be exceeded; 2 c the maximum storage areas shall be 50 m for any single block, with no less than 2,4 m clearance around the block.
To determine the required design criteria when stored goods are involved, the procedure shown in Figure 2 shall be followed. Is it a Use Annex G Yes special harard? NOTE For each storage method, there are specific limitations to storage heights depending on the type and design of sprinkler systems see 7.
In order for sprinkler protection to be effective, the limitations and protection requirements of Table 2 shall be met. Aisles between rows shall be None 2 not less than 2,4 m wide. Aisles separating rows are less Intermediate sprinklers are required.
ST5 Either the aisles separating rows Intermediate sprinklers are 1, 2 shall be no less than 1,2 m wide, or recommended. Euroclass A1 or A2 or an equivalent in existing national classification systems shall be fitted longitudinally and transversely within each shelf. NOTE 1 When the ceiling is more than 4 m above the highest level of stored goods, intermediate levels of in-rack sprinklers should be used. NOTE 2 Storage blocks should be separated by aisles no less than 2,4 m wide.
For HHS systems, 7. NOTE For pre-calculated systems, the design criteria are achieved by the application of water supply and piping requirements stated elsewhere in this standard see 7.
Deluge systems are not covered by this standard. Specific limitations apply to the various types of storage methods as detailed in clause 6. More specifically, the storage heights indicated in the table are considered the maximum for efficient sprinkler protection where sprinklers are only provided at the roof or ceiling. NOTE 1 The distance between the maximum permitted storage height and the roof or ceiling sprinklers should not exceed 4 m. Where storage heights exceed these limits or where the distance between the top of the storage and the roof or ceiling exceeds 4 m, intermediate levels of in-rack sprinklers shall be provided as per 7.
NOTE 2 Storage height, building height and ceiling clearance the vertical distance between the roof or ceiling sprinklers and the top of the storage are all significant variables contributing to the effectiveness and required design density of sprinkler protection.
The control valve set shall be not less than mm diameter. If goods are stored above the highest level of intermediate protection, the design criteria for the roof or ceiling sprinklers shall be taken from Table 5. Where rack aisles are 2,4 m or more in width only one rack need be assumed to be involved. Where rack aisles are less than 2,4 m but greater than or equal to 1,2 m in width, two racks shall be assumed to be involved. Where rack aisles are less than 1,2 m in width, three racks shall be assumed to be involved.
NOTE The minimum pressure at any operating sprinkler is 2,0 bar see NOTE 2 Dry and alternate systems should be avoided on High Hazard storage especially with the more combustible products the higher categories and the higher storage.
The pressure loss due to friction and static head between the water supply and each control valve set shall be calculated separately. The total requirement for the running pressure at the control valve set shall be the sum of the pressure at the design point, the pressure equivalent of the difference in height between the control valve set and the highest sprinkler downstream of the design point and the pressure loss for the flow in the piping from the control valve set to the design point.
The pressure at the design point of the highest sprinklers in the HHP or HHS portion of the risk shall be either that shown in Table 7, or be determined by hydraulic calculation.
Therefore, in a fire involving the complete design area the HH portion will have a reduced flow rate. The flow rate for each distribution pipe shall be determined proportionately see 7. If the water supply is used for other fire fighting systems, see 9.
All practical steps shall be taken to ensure the continuity and reliability of water supplies. NOTE Water supplies should preferably be under the control of the user, or else the reliability and right of use should be guaranteed by the organization having control. The water shall be free from fibrous or other matter in suspension liable to cause accumulations in the system piping.
Salt or brackish water shall not be retained in sprinkler installation pipework. Where there is no suitable fresh water source available, a salt or brackish water supply may be used provided the installation is normally charged with fresh water.
The pressure in pumped systems shall take into account any increase in driver speed and pressure due to closed valve condition. The sprinkler system pumps shall be separate from any hydrant system pumps unless a combined water supply in accordance with 9.
Main and supply one, no more than 25 mm diameter, for pipe greater than or equal to non-industrial use mm Town main. Elevated private reservoir, one, no more than 50 mm diameter, for fire hose reels. The water supplies, stop valves and control valve sets shall be installed such that they are safely accessible even in a fire situation. All components of the water supplies and control valve sets shall be installed such that they are secured against tampering and are adequately protected against freezing.
If the flow measuring device is not permanently fitted, it shall be available on site at all times. Facilities shall be provided for the disposal of test water. Such flow test valves and pipework shall have a nominal diameter of 40 mm for LH installations and of 50 mm for other installations. The apparatus shall be installed in a frost-proof area. If the testing apparatus is not permanently fitted, it shall be available on site at all times. Each supply to the installation shall be tested independently with all other supplies isolated.
For both pre-calculated and fully calculated installations, the water supply shall be tested at least at the installation maximum demand flow. Automatic pump starting shall be checked by fully opening the installation drain and test valve. The flow shall be verified in accordance with Clause 7. The supply pressure measured on the 'C' gauge shall be verified as being at least the appropriate value specified in Clause 7.
The drain and test valve shall be adjusted to give the flow specified in clause 7. When the flow is steady the supply pressure measured on the 'C' gauge shall be verified as being at least the appropriate value specified in clause 7. The switch shall be positioned upstream of any non-return valve and shall be equipped with a test valve see annex I.
NOTE 1 In some cases the water quality makes it necessary to fit strainers on all connections from town mains. NOTE 2 It can be necessary to take into account extra flow required for fire brigade purposes. Where a single pump is installed, a by-pass connection shall be provided with at least the same dimension as the water supply connection to the pump and be fitted with a non-return valve and two stop valves.
The pump or pumps shall be reserved solely for fire protection. The effective capacity of a tank shall be calculated by taking the difference between the normal water level and the lowest effective water level.
If the tank is not frost proof the normal water level shall be increased by at least 1,0 m and ice venting shall be provided. In the case of enclosed tanks, easy access shall be provided. Except for open reservoirs, tanks shall be provided with an externally readable water level indicator. The volumes of water indicated shall be reserved solely for the use of the sprinkler system.
Table 9 — Minimum water volume for pre-calculated LH and OH systems Group Height h of the highest Minimum water volume sprinkler above the lowest 3 sprinkler! NOTE" Excluding sprinklers in the sprinkler valve room. The water volume indicated shall be reserved solely for the use of the sprinkler system. The outlet of any feed pipe shall be not less than 2,0 m horizontally from the suction pipe inlet. The inflow shall not adversely influence the pump suction.
Table 11 — Minimum effective capacity of reduced capacity tanks" Hazard Class! If a vortex inhibitor is installed with the minimum dimensions specified in Table 12, dimension A may be reduced to 0,10 m.
A tank may be provided with a sump in order to maximize the effective capacity See figure 4. It shall be fitted so that it can be cleaned without the tank having to be emptied. In the case of open tanks feeding pumps under positive head conditions, a strainer shall be fitted to the suction pipe outside the tank. A stop valve shall be installed between the tank and the strainer. Strainers shall have a cross-sectional area of at least 1,5 times the nominal area of the pipe and shall not allow objects greater than 5 mm diameter to pass.
Pipes, conduits and the bed of open-topped channels shall have a continuous slope towards the settling or suction chamber of at least The diameter of feed pipes or conduit shall not be less than as given in Table The suction chamber dimensions shall be as specified in 9. The total depth of open channels and weirs shall accommodate the highest known water level of the water source. The dimension of the suction chamber and the location of suction pipes from the walls of the chamber, the submergence below the lowest known water level making any necessary allowances for ice and clearance from the bottom shall conform to 9.
The settling chamber shall have the same width and depth as the suction chamber and a length of at least 10d where d is the minimum bore of the pipe or conduit, and no less than 1,5 m. The screen shall be strong enough to withstand the weight of water should it become obstructed and shall have a mesh not greater than 12,5 mm.
Two screens shall be provided, with one in use and the other in a raised position ready for interchange when cleaning is necessary. The individual openings shall be of such a size as to prevent the passage of a 25 mm diameter sphere. Alternatively, the space between the top of the wall and the water surface shall be enclosed with a screen. Screens shall be as specified in 9.
It shall be protected against corrosion both internally and externally. The discharge pipe shall be situated at least 0,05 m above the bottom of the tank. When the pressure tank is housed in a sprinkler protected building the area shall be enclosed by fire resistant construction of no less than 30 min. Pressure in the tank shall not exceed 12 bar.
For pre-calculated systems! The air and water supplies shall be capable of filling and pressurizing the tank completely in no more than 8 h. The water supply shall be capable of topping up with water at the gauge pressure p in 9.
The tank shall be fitted with suitable safety devices to ensure that the highest permitted pressure is not exceeded. Stop valves shall be fitted at each end of the gauge glass and they shall normally be kept closed and a drain valve shall also be provided. The gauge glass shall be protected against mechanical damage and shall be marked with the correct water level. Alarms shall be given visually and audibly at the installation control valve or a permanently manned location.
Superior single water supplies" Superiorsingle water supplies are single water supplies which provide a higher degree of reliability. If both ends cannot give the required pressure, two or more booster pumps shall be installed. Each of the supplies forming part of a duplicate supply shall conform to the pressure and flow characteristics given in clause 7.
Any combination of single supplies including superior single supplies may be used, with the following limitations: a no more than one pressure tank shall be used for OH-systems; b one storage tank of the reduced capacity type may be used see 9.
NOTE Some countries may not allow sprinkler systems to be fed from a combined supply. Combined supplies shall fulfil the following conditions: a the systems shall be fully calculated; b the supply shall be capable of supplying the sum of the simultaneous maximum calculated flows from each system. The flows shall be corrected up to the pressure required by the most demanding system; c the duration of the supply shall be no less than that required for the most demanding system; d duplicate pipe connections shall be installed between the water supplies and the systems.
The coupling between the driver and the pump of horizontal pumpsets shall be of a type which ensures that either can be removed independently and in such a way that pump internals can be inspected or replaced without affecting suction or discharge piping.
End suction pumps shall be of the "back pull-out" type. Pipes shall be supported independently of the pump. Where two pumps are installed, each one shall be capable independently of providing the specified flows and pressures. Where more than one pump is installed in a superior or duplicate water supply, no more than one shall be driven by an electric motor.
It shall be one of the following in order of preference : a a separate building; b a building adjacent to a sprinkler protected building with direct access from outside; c a compartment within a sprinkler protected building with direct access from outside.
Where the pump compartment is separate, it may be impractical to provide sprinkler protection from the control valve sets in the premises. Sprinkler protection may be provided from the nearest accessible point on the downstream side of the outlet non- return valve of the pump via a subsidiary stop valve secured in the open position, together with a water flow detector in accordance with EN , to provide visible and audible indication of the operation of the sprinklers.
The alarm equipment shall be installed either at the control valves or at a responsibly manned location such as a gatehouse see annex I. A 15 mm nominal diameter drain and test valve shall be fitted downstream of the flow alarm to permit a practical test of the alarm system. Where submersible pumps are utilized, the water o temperature shall not exceed 25 C, unless the suitability of the motor has been proven for temperatures o up to 40 C, in accordance with prEN A non-return valve and a stop valve shall be fitted in the delivery pipe of each pump.
Valves on the delivery side shall be fitted after any taper pipe. Arrangements shall be made to ensure a continuous flow of water through the pump sufficient to prevent overheating when it is operating against a closed valve. This flow shall be taken into account in the system hydraulic calculation and pump selection. The outlet shall be clearly visible and where there is more than one pump the outlets shall be separate.
Diesel engine cooling circuits usually use the same water. However, if additional water is used, it shall also be taken into account. Tappings on the pumps for inlet and outlet pressure gauges shall be easily accessible.
If this is not feasible, the pump may be installed under suction lift conditions or vertical turbine pumps may be used. A foot valve shall be fitted where the centre line of the pump is above the low water level see 9. Where more than one pump is provided, the suction pipes may only be inter-connected if they are fitted with stop valves to allow each pump to continue operating when the other is removed for maintenance. The connections shall be dimensioned as appropriate for the flow rate required.
Where there is more than one pumpset installed, the suction pipes shall not be interconnected. The height from the low water level see 9. The suction pipe shall be positioned in the tank or reservoir in accordance with Figure 4 and Table 12 or Figure 5 and Table 13, as appropriate. A foot valve shall be fitted at the lowest point on the suction pipe. Each pump shall have automatic priming arrangements in accordance with The arrangement shall consist of a tank situated at a higher level than the pump and with a pipe connection sloping from the tank to the delivery side of the pump.
A non-return valve shall be fitted to this connection. Figure 6 shows two examples. The tank, the pump and the suction pipework shall be kept constantly full of water even where there is leakage from the foot valve referred to in The pressure maintenance pump shall be sized and arranged in such a way that it is not capable of providing enough flow and pressure for a single open sprinkler and thus of preventing the main pump s from starting.
In the case of pressure maintenance pumps installed with negative suction, the suction piping and fittings shall be independent of those of the main pump s.
NOTE 2 In the case of buildings which exceed the heights shown, it should be proved that the pump characteristics are adequate for supplying the flows and pressures specified in 7. When measured by the supplier's test facility, the pump shall provide a pressure at least 0,5 bar higher than that required for the most unfavourable area.
This test shall be carried out at a time of maximum demand on the main. They shall be connected in such a way that either switch will start the pump. Once the pump has started, it shall continue to run until stopped manually. If any isolating valve is installed on the connection between the trunk main and any pump starting pressure switch, a non-return valve shall be installed in parallel with the isolating valve so that a fall in pressure on the trunk main will be transmitted to the pressure switch even when the isolating valve is closed.
Where permitted by the electrical utility, the electrical supply to the pump controller shall be taken from the input side of the main switch on the incoming supply to the premises and where this is not permitted, by a connection from the main switch. The fuses in the pump controller shall be of high rupturing capacity, capable of carrying the start current for a period of no less than 20 s.
To protect cables from direct exposure to fire they shall be run outside the building or through those parts of the building where the fire risk is negligible and which are separated from any significant fire risk by walls, partitions or floors with a fire resistance of no less than 60 min, or they shall be given additional direct protection or be buried.
Cables shall be in single lengths, with no joins. The switch shall be locked to protect it against tampering. The controller shall be equipped with an ammeter. In the case of submersible pumps a plate with its characteristics shall be affixed to the pump controller. Pump running and a fault alarm shall also be audibly and visually indicated at location permanently attended by responsible personnel. The audible signals shall have a signal strength of at least 75 dB and shall be able to be silenced.
The pump shall be fully operational within 15 s of the beginning of any starting sequence. Horizontal pumps shall have a direct drive. The automatic start and operation of the pumpset shall not depend on any energy sources other than the engine and its batteries. The outlet pipe shall be open so that the discharge water is visible; b A heat exchanger, where the water is taken from the sprinkler pump, via a pressure reducing device if necessary, in accordance with the supplier's specification.
The outlet pipe shall be open so that the discharge water is visible. An auxiliary pump driven by the engine shall circulate the water in the closed circuit. If the auxiliary pump is belt driven, there shall be multiple belts such that even if up to half the belts are broken, the remaining belt s are able to drive the pump.
The capacity of the closed circuit shall conform to the value specified by the engine supplier; c An air cooled radiator with a fan multiple belt driven from the engine.
If half the belts should break, the remaining belts shall be capable of driving the fan. If the auxiliary pump is belt driven, there shall be multiple belts such that even if half the belts are broken, the remaining belts are able to drive the pump.
The capacity of the closed circuit shall conform to the value specified by the engine supplier; d Direct air cooling of the engine by means of a multiple belt driven fan.
When half the belts are broken the remaining belts shall be capable of driving the fan. The exhaust pipe shall be positioned in such a way as to prevent exhaust gases from re-entering the pump room.
It shall be insulated and installed so that it does not cause a fire ignition risk. Where there is more than one engine, there shall be a separate fuel tank and fuel feed pipe for each one. The fuel tank shall have a sturdy fuel level gauge.
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